Method of making paper products



Aug. 16, 1938.

F. w. ROBINSON METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PRODUCTS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledMay 2'7, 1935 INVENTOR u, a? 5 ur) No) ATTORNEYS Aug. 16, 1938. F. w.ROBINSON METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PRODUCTS Filed May 27, 1955 2Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR- 5 Wm P BY E44 1; l w+ 19M ATTORNEYS r PatentedAug. 16, 1938 2,126,922

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,126,922 METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PRODUCTS F.'Warner Robinson, New York, N. Y. Application May 27, 1935, Serial No.23,583 3 Claims. (Cl. 92-40) This invention relates to the manufactureof retain their original shapes and integrity and paper and articlesmade therefrom. will remain entirely free from interlacing and Theobject of this invention is to provide paper, enmeshing pulp fibers. Iaccomplish this by sepcardboard, pulp and the like,havingamanipulatarating and depressing the pulp fibers of the ingelement such as tape, cord, string, thread, damp sheet of pulp or paperin the process of wire, or bands of textile fabric, embedded theremakingthe same with an instrument adapted to in in such a fashion that themanipulating elepry apart and to create a clean trough or track ment maybe used to tear, rip or lift in a predealong the paper longitudinally sothat when the termined manner, the paper or other material manipulatingelement is fed to the moving sheet in which it is embedded, especiallyafter such it will be guided into the track or groove so that 10 paper,or other material is made up into carthe submerged portion of theelement will re tons, boxes, containers, stoppers, closures, caps, tain,so far as possible, its original cross-sectional etc. shape after thesheet is passed throughthe suc- Cords or threads have been heretoforeattached cessive pressure rollers, drying rolls, calendering to one sideof the paper or pulp for the purpose of rolls, etc. found in theordinary Fourdrinier mall later using them to tear the paper. Threads orchines or other types of machines usually records so attached are liableto become loosened quired to produce paper.

in the handling of the paper, as when the paper Figure 1 is aperspective view of part of a is cut and folded in different serviceableforms. paper making machine showing one method of Furthermore threads orstrings adhering to one making proper grooves on the damp paper or 20surface of the paper project beyond the surface pulp and then applyingthe manipulating ele' and destroy its smooth surface. In certain kindsments in the grooves.

of containers or coverings for foodstuffs, either Fig. 2 is an enlargedsectional view of two types liquid or solid, it-is undesirable andunsanitary to of the grooving rollers. have anything adhere to thepaper, or project Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the finished paperbeyond its lateral surface, as string, immediately showing two forms ofthe manipulating elements coming into contact with or accessible to thein the paper.

food, as would be the case if attached strings Fig. 4 is a plan view ofa die cut blank, projected from the surface of the paper. scored at theproper places, from which a con- By my method these difficulties areovercome tainer can be folded.

for I embed the manipulating elements in the Fig. 5 is a perspectiveview, partially cut away, paper itself so as to be substantially flushwith of a finished container showing the tearing eleone surface thereofand consequently these element ready to be pulled to open saidcontainer. ments can not come off in a later handling or cut- Fig. 6 isan enlarged view of a portion of the ting of the paper. The inventionfurthermore container shown in Fig. 5, showing the tearing 3 lendsitself to fully embedding the manipulating element started.

elements so as not to have the objection of pro- Fig. 7 is a plan of astrip of paper with lifting jecting from the surface of said paper.element and from which bottle closures are to By the term paper I meanpaper in its broadest be cut. sense, and particularly such paper as maybe Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 7. 40 used for containers,cartons, stoppers, closures Fig. 9 is a top view of a bottle closureinserted and the like. in a bottle.

The most advantageous time to embed this Fig. 10 is a sectional view online i0-i0 of manipulating element in the paper is during its Fig. 9. I

manufacture while the pulp sheet is still soft and Fig. 11 is aperspective view illustrating the 4 pliable. Instead of burying mymanipulating elemanner in which the tab end of the lifting elements inthe body of the paper, or enclosing them ment may be used to raise theclosure.

in the mass of pulp or attempting to interlock, Fig. 12 is a sectionview of a paper container enmesh or interweave the pulp fibre with themas with closure and lifting element.

in the case where reinforcing strength is sought, By reference to Fig.1, a damp or pliable paper 50 my object is to embed my manipulatingeleor sheet of unfinished-paper or pulp i is seen ments in one side ofthe paper only and to do it moving into the rollers l0 and II. Beforereachin such a way that they will be firmly cemented ing these rollers,the sheet passes over roller 9 within the sheet at the surface. By doingthis, and at point of contact with this roller the upper themanipulating elements will so far as possible surface of the paper isengaged by rollers l, 4 and r to line up with the depression rollers.

5 which sink tracks of grooves of a design predetermined by the contoursof the peripheral edges of such rollers. Depression rollers 3, 4 and 5(or any additional rollers of this type) are mounted on a shaft 2extending at right angles across the sheet, the shaft 2 being set insuitable bearings and arranged so that it may be easily raised orlowered to regulate the depth of the depression grooves 6, I and 8. Thedepression rollers 3, ,4 and 5 may be spaced any desired distance apartand held in place on the shaft by some such settable means asset-screws. 22; or they may be set in gangs of one or more types ofedges, alternated or'grouped as desired, and any number desired may beoperated at one time. The grooves or tracks may be placed at any desiredposition on the paper, keeping in mind the size of the paper and thesize and conformation of the container or closure to be cut therefrom sothat the manipulating elements will come at the desired place in thefinished article.

The manipulating elements l9, 2|] and 2| are fed into grooves 6-, 'l and8 through guides I6, I! and I8 mounted on guide-bar IS, the guides beingadjustable, as for instance, by set screws 3|, The manipulating elementsare drawn from their carrier reels and preferably through an adhesivebath or over 'a sizing roller before passing through the guides and tothe depression grooves. As the paper moves forwardly the manipulatingelements are drawn with the paper between pressing rollers l0 and l i,which press them firmly into the grooves. In passing through theadhesive bath or over the sizing rollers the threads will pick upsufiicient adhesive material to aid them in staying firmly in thegrooves. After passing rollers 10 and H, the paper sheet loaded with themanipulating elements may be finished in the same way as any'other kindof paper or cardboard. It may be sized or filled or calendered asdesired. Preferably the outer side of the manipulating element is madeflush with the surface of the paper. If it is desired the said elementmay be left in substantially its original form in cross section or itmay be flattened on its outer side while remaining substantially in itsoriginal form on its inner side as at l9 in Fig. 3. This is governed bythe pressure on the loaded paper and the depth of the grooves inrelation to the cross sectional dimensions of the manipulating elements.

The manipulating element is firmly embedded in its place by pressureduring the process of producting the finished sheet and it may befurther secured by adhesive, but its fibres are not interwoven orenmeshed with the paper fibre.

There may be many types of depression rollers to meet the requirementsimposed by different kinds of manipulating elements. Fig. 2 shows twotypes of such rollers having different peripheral edges. Edge 23 is usedwhere a round manipulating or ripper thread is required in the finishedsheet; and edge 24 is employed where a flat tape or textile fabric isrequired-for lifting purposes or for ripping out a predetermined sectionfrom the carton or other type of container or closure made from thefinished sheet of cardboard or paper.

Fig. 3 shows two types of manipulating elements embedded in the finishedsheet, the drawing being an enlarged cross-section of a piece offinished paper 'or cardboard. The manipulating element I! may be athreador wire for use embedded in a sheet of paper or cardboard at.

one time or either type may be run in multiple places, as desired. Theembedded thread or cord l5shown in Fig. 3 may be obtained by making ,ashallow groove in relation to the thickness of the thread is and theamount of pressure to be applied later in finishing the paper. It isnoted that the inner or tearing side of the manipulating thread I9remains substantially the same in cross section as before pressing. Ifthe element I9 is desired substantially circular in cross section groove6 may be deepened or the pressure of rollers l0 and H lessened or bothof these things may be done.

Fig. 4 shows a die struck blank of a cardboard carton struck from a rollof cardboard in which has been embedded the cutting thread Ill. Thebroken lines 21 show the scoring die struck for folding. Heavier lines28 show where cutting die has severed the cardboard. When this blank isfolded as in Fig. 5 the manipulating element, in this instance a rippingcord 19, will be found on the inside surface of the carton encirclingthe top section thereof. A tab such as 25 may be cut in one side of thecarton blank if desired. Also, if desired, the cord l9 may be cut as at26 or in other desired places, so that the opening may be of any sizedesired. By pulling the tab 25 whichappears on the outside surface ofthe finished carton (by virtue of the tab cut out at the point wherethere is an overlapping pasted scam) the manipulating or ripping cord,being a part of the tab, will cut or tear the container along itsgrooved bed all the way around the container. Or if desired the tearingcord l9 may be stopped at 26 where thecord has previously been cut bythe shaping die at the time the carton was originally die struck. Thecut 26, of course, may be so arranged that it may come at any place onthe manipulating thread in the finished carton and so make whateveropening may be desired.

Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 show how a manipulating element can be appliedfor lifting milk bottle stoppers. The manipulating element 2!, in thisinstance a lifting element. has already been embedded in the sheet ofpaper I in the manner described and the paper die cut in the form ofmilk bottle stopper 29 with lifting tab 25. It is noted that the liftingtab 25 contains embedded in it the manipulating element 2i. After themilk bottle stoppers have been cut out of the piece of paper they may beplaced in the top of the milk bottle with the tab 25 sticking up so thatit may be easily seized by the fingers. By grasping tab 25 and pullingit, it is obvious that the manipulating element 2| being embedded in thebottom side of the closure' and being firmly attached thereto byembracing pressure of the groove and an adhesive, will greatlyfacilitate the lifting of the closure and will permit the closure to beremoved without tearing away the tab or pealing the cardboard off inlayers as is frequently the case (when the closure is .damp) in othertypes of similarly shaped closures made entirely from cardboard or pulp.In the case of my closure, the point of greatest pressure during thepulling is at the bottom or lower side of the closure where the liftingelement is a tape or textile'fabric much stronger than the layer-bond ofcardboard. Thus my invention makes a more reliable and durable closurethan cardboard alone and the closure can be used over and over again aslong as is necessary. This makes it useable again by the user if thewhole contents of the bottle are not wanted at one time.

Fig. 12 discloses another method of using stoppers with lifting ormanipulating elements embedded therein as previously described. A papercontainer 30 is shown with the cap or closure 29. The lifting element 2|runs across the bottom surface of the stopper and ends in the tab 25.

The kind of manipulating element employed in any case will, of course,depend upon a number of factors: the weight, or thickness, or toughness,of the body material, the purpose for which it is to be used, the amountof resistance to be overcome (either with tearing or lifting), the size,shape, or design, of the opening desired, etc. In some types ofcontainers it may be desirable to use more than one kind of manipulatingelement, or to use different kinds in combination to produce apredetermined result; such, for instance, as a hinged lip, made bytearing a section of the container and lifting the torn portion of it toa desired position, or removing it entirely.

It is understood, of course, that to accomplish the results explainedhere, the manipulating element must be placed in that side of thecardboard or paper which is the inside of the container when the latteris chargedand ready for opening; and in the case of the stopper, coveror closure, the said manipulating element is placed in that side of theclosure which is the lower or bottom side of such closure when the sameis correctly seated.

What I claim is:

1. In the method of securing a tearing element to paper, the stepscomprising sinking a groove in unfinished paper during the process ofproducing the finished sheet, said groove forming a bed for the layingin of said tearing element so that the embedded face thereof will remainsubstantially round in cross-section throughout the finishing operations*of the paper, said groove being of such depth that the outer face ofsaid tearing element is substantially flush with the surface of saidpaper, thereafter laying the tearing element in the groove and finishingthe paper.

2. In the method of securing a tearing element to paper, the stepscomprising sinking a groove in unfinished paper during the'process ofproducing the finished sheet, said groove forming a bed for the layingin of said tearing element so that the embedded face thereof will remainsubstantially round in cross-section throughout the finishing operationsof the paper, thereafter laying the tearing element in the groove insuch a manner that the tearing element is retained within said preformedgroove without intermingling of fibres between said element and thepaper and finishing the paper.

3. In the method of securing a tearing element to paper, the stepscomprising forming a groove in the paper, said groove forming a bed forthe laying in of said tearing element so that the embedded face thereofwill remain substantially round in cross section thereafter, said groovebeing of such a depth that the outer face of said tearing element issubstantially flush with the surface of said paper, and thereafterlaying and' pressing the tearing element in the groove while maintainingits paper-contacting face substantially round in cross section.

F. WARNER ROBINSON.

